| Peer-Reviewed

Design and in Vitro Evaluation Studies of Tramadol Hydrochloride Lozenzes for Treatment of Pain in Childreans

Received: 3 September 2015     Accepted: 21 September 2015     Published: 10 October 2015
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

The oral route is the most preferred route of administration of drugs because of low cost of therapy, ease of administration, patient compliance and flexibility in formulation. The illness are associated with fever, head ache and body aches so to cure the above/relief from the above, there was need to adminster the drugs to the individuals but in case of pediatric patients it was difficult to administer the dosage forms like tablets, capsules, etc. In the present investigation an attempt has been made to prepare and evaluate the sugar based medicated tramadol hydrochloride hard lozenzes for pediatrics to overcome the administration. They were prepared by heating and congealing method on laboraty scale with malt syrup as base. All the formulations were subjected to various physico-chemical parameters such as hardness, friability, content uniformity, weight variation, thickness, drug content and in vitro dissolution studies. Drug-excipients compability stuidies were conducted by FT-IR spectroscopy and results revealed that no interactions were found between drug and excipients. The results of in vitro drug release studies showed that formulations F3, F6 and F9 releases the drug 96.72,95.32 and 98.66 percentage at the end of 30 mins. The hard lozenge can provide an attractive alternative formulatin in the treatment of pain in pediatric patiants.

Published in Science Innovation (Volume 3, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.si.20150306.16
Page(s) 100-107
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Tramadol Hydrochloride, Lozenges, HPMC: Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose, Na CMC: Sodium Carboxy Methyl Cellulose, MC: Methyl Cellulose

References
[1] N. K. Jain. “Mucoadhesive Drug Delivery”. Controlled and Novel Drug Delivery. Edition-5, CBS Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi, 2005; 353-76.
[2] Harsh Mohan. “The oral cavity and salivary Glands”. Text book of Pathology. 4th edn, Jaypee Brothers, Medical Publishers (P) Ltd, New Delhi, 2000; 494-96.
[3] Larry L Augsburger, Stephen W Hoag. “Formulation of Specialty Tablets for Slow Oral Dissolution”. Loyd V. Pharmaceutical dosage forms: tablets: Rational design and formulation. 3rd Edition, Allen University of Oklahoma college of pharmacy, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, U.S.A.(2),2009; 361-81.4.
[4] Gilbert S. Banker, Neil R. Anderson. Tablets Leon Lachman Herbert A. Liberiman. Theory and Practice of Industrial pharmacy edition3rd 1987; 331.
[5] Gilbert S. Banker, Neil R. Anderson. Tablets Leon Lachman Herbert A. Liberiman. Theory and Practice of Industrial pharmacy edition3rd 1987; 331.
[6] Ansel. “Solid modified release drug delivery Ssystems”. Ansel’s pharmaceutical dosage form and drug delivery systems 9th edition, 2002; P. NO 252.
[7] Shishu, Ashima Bhatti, Tejbir Singh. “Preparation of tablets rapidly disintegrating in saliva containing bitter taste-masked granules by compression method”. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 60(1), 2007; 80-4.
[8] Loyd V Allen. “Troches and lozenges”. Current and practical compounding information for the pharmacist 4(2), 1998; p.no-213-34.
[9] Gibbs KP, Portlock JC. “Clinical Pharmacy and therapeutics”. 2ndEdn, Walker Edwards, Scotland, 1999; 347-67.
[10] Purushotham RK, Shivappa NN, Zakaullah S, Arshiya SA, Ashok KC, Anand C. “Mediacted lozenges of ketoconazole for pediatric oral thrush patients”. Int J Inst Pharm LifeSc 1(3), 2011; 25-33.
[11] Rajesh K, Mahalaxmi R, Deepak K. “Investigating the suitability of isomalt and liquid glucose as sugar substitute in the formulation of salbutamol sulfate hard candy lozenges”. J Chem and Pharm Res 3(4), 2011; 69-75.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    T. Venkateswara Rao, N. Bhadramma, K. Kinnera. (2015). Design and in Vitro Evaluation Studies of Tramadol Hydrochloride Lozenzes for Treatment of Pain in Childreans. Science Innovation, 3(6), 100-107. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.si.20150306.16

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    T. Venkateswara Rao; N. Bhadramma; K. Kinnera. Design and in Vitro Evaluation Studies of Tramadol Hydrochloride Lozenzes for Treatment of Pain in Childreans. Sci. Innov. 2015, 3(6), 100-107. doi: 10.11648/j.si.20150306.16

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    T. Venkateswara Rao, N. Bhadramma, K. Kinnera. Design and in Vitro Evaluation Studies of Tramadol Hydrochloride Lozenzes for Treatment of Pain in Childreans. Sci Innov. 2015;3(6):100-107. doi: 10.11648/j.si.20150306.16

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.si.20150306.16,
      author = {T. Venkateswara Rao and N. Bhadramma and K. Kinnera},
      title = {Design and in Vitro Evaluation Studies of Tramadol Hydrochloride Lozenzes for Treatment of Pain in Childreans},
      journal = {Science Innovation},
      volume = {3},
      number = {6},
      pages = {100-107},
      doi = {10.11648/j.si.20150306.16},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.si.20150306.16},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.si.20150306.16},
      abstract = {The oral route is the most preferred route of administration of drugs because of low cost of therapy, ease of administration, patient compliance and flexibility in formulation. The illness are associated with fever, head ache and body aches so to cure the above/relief from the above, there was need to adminster the drugs to the individuals but in case of pediatric patients it was difficult to administer the dosage forms like tablets, capsules, etc. In the present investigation an attempt has been made to prepare and evaluate the sugar based medicated tramadol hydrochloride hard lozenzes for pediatrics to overcome the administration. They were prepared by heating and congealing method on laboraty scale with malt syrup as base. All the formulations were subjected to various physico-chemical parameters such as hardness, friability, content uniformity, weight variation, thickness, drug content and in vitro dissolution studies. Drug-excipients compability stuidies were conducted by FT-IR spectroscopy and results revealed that no interactions were found between drug and excipients. The results of in vitro drug release studies showed that formulations F3, F6 and F9 releases the drug 96.72,95.32 and 98.66 percentage at the end of 30 mins. The hard lozenge can provide an attractive alternative formulatin in the treatment of pain in pediatric patiants.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Design and in Vitro Evaluation Studies of Tramadol Hydrochloride Lozenzes for Treatment of Pain in Childreans
    AU  - T. Venkateswara Rao
    AU  - N. Bhadramma
    AU  - K. Kinnera
    Y1  - 2015/10/10
    PY  - 2015
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.si.20150306.16
    DO  - 10.11648/j.si.20150306.16
    T2  - Science Innovation
    JF  - Science Innovation
    JO  - Science Innovation
    SP  - 100
    EP  - 107
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-787X
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.si.20150306.16
    AB  - The oral route is the most preferred route of administration of drugs because of low cost of therapy, ease of administration, patient compliance and flexibility in formulation. The illness are associated with fever, head ache and body aches so to cure the above/relief from the above, there was need to adminster the drugs to the individuals but in case of pediatric patients it was difficult to administer the dosage forms like tablets, capsules, etc. In the present investigation an attempt has been made to prepare and evaluate the sugar based medicated tramadol hydrochloride hard lozenzes for pediatrics to overcome the administration. They were prepared by heating and congealing method on laboraty scale with malt syrup as base. All the formulations were subjected to various physico-chemical parameters such as hardness, friability, content uniformity, weight variation, thickness, drug content and in vitro dissolution studies. Drug-excipients compability stuidies were conducted by FT-IR spectroscopy and results revealed that no interactions were found between drug and excipients. The results of in vitro drug release studies showed that formulations F3, F6 and F9 releases the drug 96.72,95.32 and 98.66 percentage at the end of 30 mins. The hard lozenge can provide an attractive alternative formulatin in the treatment of pain in pediatric patiants.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Department of Pharmaceutics, Bapatla college of Pharmacy, Bapatla, Andhrapradesh, India

  • Department of Pharmaceutics, Bapatla college of Pharmacy, Bapatla, Andhrapradesh, India

  • Department of Pharmaceutics, Bapatla college of Pharmacy, Bapatla, Andhrapradesh, India

  • Sections